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JAGQUARD MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

Patented Nov. 27, 1894.

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- 1"; @IIIIIIP (N6 Model.) b'Sheets-Sheet 2. J". C. LIBERTY. JACQUARDMECHANISM FOR LOQMS.

'No, 530,050. Patented Nov. 27, 1894.

(No Modl.) a Sheets+Sheet 3.

J. O. LIBERTY. JACQUARD MEGHANISM FOR LOOMS.

No. 53050 Patehted Nov. 27, 1894.

lllllll 6 Shgets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

J. 0. LIBERTY.

I JAGQUARD MECHANISM FOR Looms.

No. 530,050. Patented Nov. 27, 1.894.

no Model.) 0 "6 sheets-sheet 5; J. 0.LIBERTY.

JAGQUARD MBGHANISM P011 LOOMS. N0. 530,050. Patented NOV. 27, 1894.

(No Model.) 6 SheetsSheet 6,

J. O. LIBERTY. JAGQUABD MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

. o. 5s0,05 0. Patented Nov. 27,1894,

Fig.6.

'3 NITED- STATES PAT NT OFFICE.

JERRY C. LIBERTY, OF EASTHAMPTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- THIR-DTC OSCAR W. MILLER, OF SAME PLACE.

JACQUARD MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 530,050, dated November27, 1 894.

Application filed December 4, 1893. Serial No. 492,720. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JERRY O. LIBERTY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Easthampton, in the county of Hampshire and 5 State ofMassachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvementsin JacquardMechanism for Looms, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to improve to the construction ofJacquard looms to the end of increasing the producing capacity thereofin various classes of work, more especially fabrics having front andback warps, binder warps, fillings for the front and back, and a weftfor forming the face or figure, such fabric being exemplified bywebbings, the same often comprising elastic strands, as common forsuspenders.

By the exercise of my present invention the shuttle employed in layinginthefilling for the front of the fabric has its operation and then whenthe same shuttle has its next operation forlaying in the filling for theback of the fabric, the other shuttle, often carry- 2 5 ing silk, movessimultaneously therewith for the formation of the face, or face figure,whereby the back filling and figure are concurrently formed avoiding thenecessity heretofore experienced of making the shed for the 0 face orfigure while the other shuttle is idle.

The invention is dependent upon the provision in the jacquard or patternoperated devices ofthe Jacquard loom of a set of hooks for supportingwarps at a given, or normal, 5 level, and other hooks for supportingwarps at'a lower level, means for simultaneously,-

or at one operation of the power level, moving one or more of the firsthooks andwarps to form a shed above the said given level, for 40 raisingone or more of the lower warps from the lower position by moving theirhooks a greater distance to also form a shed above the aforesaid level,and for raising one or more otherof the lower hooks and warps from 5 thelower position only up to, or near, the said given level to form-therebya shed between the so last raised warp or warps and a warp or warpsremainingin the lower position.

The invention also involves the provision 0 in the head, or upper partof the Jacquard loom comprising the grid devices, of two sets of griffframes arranged side byside and a griff having one or more bars, whichis below and subsidiary to one of the grid frames, and means forimparting a certain movement to one of the griff frames and the hookscarried thereby, also for imparting a greater vertical movement to theother griff frame and the hooks carried thereby and also at raising ofthe subsidiary grifi frame and the hooks carried thereby a distancefractional of that of the movement of its principal.

- The invention also involves the provision of amain griff frame forraising hook-rods and a subsidiary griff-bar, or bars,-f0r raisinghooks,which are movable transversely as insured by thepattern-controlled needles engaging them, and which have members forengagement with, and to be lifted by, the bars of the principal griffwhen in proper 7o transversely adjusted positions, wherebyafter theprincipal griff hasbeen partially raised it will, in the completion ofits movement, raise one or more of the subsidiary grilf bars and hooksand warps supported thereby.

Other detailed constructions and arrangements are comprised within thescope of the present invention, all as will hereinafter fully appear andbe set forth in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying 8o drawings, in which- Figurel is a side elevation of the top part of a Jacquard loom with thepresent improvements applied thereon. Fig. 2 is acentral verticalsection of the same taken from front to rear. Fig. 3 is a perspectiveview of one of the main grift frames and showing one of the individualgriff bars, (of which there may be several) in engagement therewith.

Figs. 4 and 5 are cross sectional views of thego grifi frame taken onthe lines 4-4 and 5-5, Fig. 3. Figs 6, 7, and 8 are diagram views to behereinafter referred to in connection with the description of theoperation. Fig. 9 is a section longitudinally of the fabric such as 5elastic suspender webbing showing the front and back, binder,intermediate rubber strands and face weft.

In the drawings, A and B represent two similar griff frames, bothhorizontal and each, roofor instance, having four bars, or blades, a, a,each of'these griif frames being as usual to as griif B.

formed of cast iron. Each griff frame, A, B, has on its ends the studs,1), b. The griff, A, will be hereinafter uniformly termed the maingriff, while the other will be referred A lever frame, 0, with duplicateside bars, d, is mounted on horizontal, pivotal supports, d at the rearof the top framing, D, of the loom and the side bars have pivotalconnections, f, at their ends, and

10 pivotal connections, f half way between their ends and the fulcrumpoints, d with the links, b and 11 which have their upper extremitiesconnected to the said griff frame studs, b.

A given swinging movement of the lever frame (acquired as common in thisclass of machines) will cause the simultaneous lifting of the gridframes A and B, the latter moving only half as fast and half as high asthe front frame. The griif frames A and B are constrained in theirvertical reciprocatory movements by the depending posts, g, g, whichhave guiding movements through the vertically apertured bosses, or hubs,9 of the top framing D.

h, 72. represent the hook rods which are controlled by the needles, "6,and pattern card, j, in the usual manner so that when the perforationsof the card permit the needles to be moved forwardly by their springs, ibefore the griff frames rise, the hooks at the upper ends of the somoved rods will be in positions to be engaged and elevated by thegrid-blades. The hook-rods have the return-bent and hookended portions,or rests, 7L2, which have their supports when the grilf frames are downupon the stationary bars, j, commonly employed. The neck-cords, 7c, 70,connected to the looped portions of the hook-rods and passing downthrough the perforated comber board support, in the usual manner, thewarp threads or yarns.

m, m represent the subsidiary griif bars, or blades, which may be termedsectional, or individual, griff blades, being movable transverselyindependently of each other. These have their positions below, andparallel with, the bars of the main griff, A,and have up right bars, orrods, m m at their ends by which they are normally supported in theirpositions thus stated. The shoulders, m of these rods, m resting on thesupport bars, j, afiord fulcrum supports for said rods where by they mayhave transverse tilting movements, as plain, see Fig. 2, so as to movethe individual griff-blades, m, m, horizontally and bodily transversely.Said upright rods, m also have hooks, m, at their upper ends which standhigher than the normal level of the main grid frame, A. These pairs ofupright bars, m are encircled by the eyes of certain ones, i, of thehorizontal needles, which needles are pressed forward,-as are the otheraforesaid needles, 1',-by the springs B. In the mechanism arranged asillustrated, these particular needles, t'fl-which engage. thegriif-blade uprights, m ,-are held back against the reaction of theirsprings and thereby carry the hooks, in", of theuprightsmfi-- on whichthe individual subsidiary griffblades, m, are supported-into line to beengaged by a rising blade of the main griff frame, A, it being perceivedthat the said hooks, m normally stand at a little distance above thesaid main grilf, A, when it is at rest; and, therefore, the said maingriif, A, has a portion of its rising movement before the griff-blade(or blades) m, to be elevated thereby, is given its rising movement. Therelations of the hooks, m and blades, m, are such that when the hooksare in engagement with a bar, a, of the main griff, A, the individualgriif-blades, m, are in planes coincident with the vertical planes ofmovement of the bars of said main grifl A. The hook-rods to be engagedby the individual grid-blades, m, have their positions, whereby theymay, or not, be engaged by such blades, controlled by the card andneedles, as well as are the positions of the blades, m, controlled bythe cards and needles whereby they may, or not, be elevated by the maingriff, A.

\Vhen the needles, '5, which control the transverse movements of theupright rods, m are permitted to enter perforations of the pattern cardor board, the blade, or blades, m, controlled by such needles will, ofcourse, not be elevated by the griff-blades above.

Referring now to the diagram views, Figs. 6, 7, and 8, and to thelongitudinal sectional view, Fig. 9, wherein the arrangement of thethreads of the fabric to be produced is shown, the operation of the saiddescribed mechanism will be now set forth.

In Fig. 9,-10, 10 represent the warps for the back of the fabric, 12,12, being the filling therefor interwoven with the warps, as usual.13,13, represent the warps for the front of the fabric,14, 14, being thefiling interwoven therewith. 15 shows the longitudinal strand of rubberintermediate between front and back. 16 represents some of thewarp-threads interwoven with the filling of both the front and back, andwith the face weft, constituting the binder, and 17, 17, represent theweft which makes the face or figure. Such a fabric is commonly employedfor elastic sus pender webbing, the warps andjfilling for the front andback being, for instance, of cotton,

while the face weft may be silk.

In the loom comprising these improvements are employed twoshnttles,--one for carrying cotton for alternately laying in the fillingfor the front and back, while the other carries the silk, or whatevermay be chosen, and works at every other pick for making the face orfigure.

In Figs. 6 to 8 but a single individual griffblade, m, is shown, and itis furthermore in the present illustration sufficient to show fourhook-rods for the gritf, B, an'dfour hook-rods for the combined main andindividual griff, A, on, at the front, it being .understood that thesehook rods are rednplicated, or multiplied, a sufficient number of timesto correspond to the desired width of the fabric to be produced.

In preparing the loom, the warps are run 0d from two beams, or rolls, F,G, through the eyes, or heddles, carried by the neck-cords, and throughthe reed alongside of which the shuttles, n, 0, have their traverse.

The horizontal line,- w, herein termed the median line is that on whichthe rubber strands, when employed, are stretched, said strands having domovements in shedding. The rubber strands are indicated by the heavyblack horizontal line at the level, w. When the grids are all in theirnormal positions, as seen in Fig. 6, the heddles supported by hookrods,coacting with grid, B, are at said level, w; and the warps controlled bysaid grid B, and the hook-rods and heddles corresponding thereto are theface warps, and they normally run from the heddles, rearwardly, on saidlevel, to. The warps running from the other beam, G, are employed forconstituting the back and binders and they run through the heddles whichare supported by the left-hand set of hook-rods, coacting with the maingrid, A, and the individual grid, m. The left-hand heddles, when thegrids are in their normal positions, hold the warps running from thebeam, G, depressed below said level, w, they running from the heddlesthence to the said level, meeting it at the battening point, .0 Now itis understood that the shed to form the back is constituted by elevatingone or more of the individual grid-blades, m, to carry one or more ofthe lower set of warps up to, or near, the level, w, the warps whichremain down forming the lower part of the shed; and it is also to beunderstood that to constitute one of the lower warps a binder it is tobe carried from its extreme lower position to a position above thelevel, w, whereby it may be interwoven with the upper filling or faceweft, and such a warp is thus'elevated by means of a blade, a, of themain grid, A, having a movement double that of the grid, B, andsubstantially double that of the individual grid-blade 'm.

The changes from the position of the warps seen in Fig. 6 to those seenin Fig. 7 whereupon the front filling is interwoven with the face warps,as well, also, as with one of the under warps to act as the binder, areinsured by the operations of the machine, as follows: Three of theneedles in this example,-as the grids, A, B, ascend-permitted to moveforwardly by the pattern, cause three ofthe righthand set of hook-rodsto be moved into position and engaged by the grid, B, while one of thehook-rods of the other set is, by a pattern-controlled needle, movedinto position to be elevated twice as high by the main grid, A. In thisinstance perforated portions of the pattern card, moving rearwardly tocontact with the needles, t prevent the uprights, m from assumingpositions of engagement relative to the bars'of the main grid, A. Henceat this operation no warp-hook is raised by the subsidiary grid. Thus isseen a shed formed by three elevated face warps and one of the elevatedwarps of the lower set,

changes take place to establish the positions I seen in Fig. 8,whereupon the back filling is interwoven with the back warps, the faceweft is interwoven with the face warps as is also a binder of the lowerset interwoven with the face-weft. Three of the needles in thisexample,---as the grids, A, B, ascend,-permit ted to move forwardly bythe pattern, cause three of the right-hand. set of hook-rods to be movedinto position and engaged by the grid, 13, whileone of the hook-rods ofthe front set is .by a pattern-controlled needle moved into position tobe elevated twice as high by a bar of the main grid, A. In thisinstance, also, imperforate parts of the pattern card cause the needles,t, to have their longitudinal 'movements just about the time the top ofthe main grid, A, is level with the hooks, m the uprights, m moving totheir positions of engagement so that the blade, m, will move upwardlywith the said main grid. Another one of the needles, '5, having its endentering a perforation of the pattern-card carries one of the hook-rods,h, forwardly to its position to be engaged by said blade, m, when itreaches the height of the hook at the top of this particular hook-rod,and, therefore, one of the lower set of warps is moved from its normallow position to the level, w. Thus we see the lower shed formed by twolower warps remaining down and one lower warp at level, 10, and an uppershed formed by a level face warp, three elevated face warps, and one ofthe lower set of warps which has been elevated to form the binder, andat this time both shuttles, 'n, 0, which have been properly lowered,from their positions seen in Fig. 7 to that seen in Fig. 8 areshot,laying in the back filling and face weft. The vertical shiftingmovements of the shuttles are attained by the usual well known means atpresent practiced for this purpose. Of course by properly arranging thepattern-card the raising of a lower warp thread to form a binder abovethe median level, may be omitted at certain of the operations.

, Heretofore the operations generally neces sary to produce a fabricsubstantially as described by employment of the mechanisms in vogue havebeen to form a shed of diamond form with no level median warps and layin one of'the fillings using one shuttle; next forming another diamondshaped shed suitably changing the warps and laying in the other of thebody fillings by the same shuttle and finally forming another diamondshed using face warps and binder, and while the shuttle which hadoperated twice remains idle putting in the face weft by the upper 4oaforesaid duplicated horizontal sliding bars,

shuttle. In this mode it has been necessary to raise and loweralternately the rubber strands so that they maylie along with the warpsforming the upper or lower parts of the shed, a disadvantageousoperation, appearing doubly so in the light of the method hereindescribed. Each of the paired uprights, m 071*, have the grid-blades, m,vertically adjustable thereon so that the blades may be at just theproper distance below the normal level of the top hooks of the hook-rodsto cause by the raising of the blades a lifting of the warps controlledthereby, the desired distance proportionate to the rising movement ofthe other loom warps elevated by the main grid, A. The uprights aretherefore formed with the ratchetlike notches, m, in their edges in oneor another of which rest the lower edge of the blade, m. The blade hasits ends turned to form the ears, m which lie against the sides of theupright rods, m set screws, m passing through the ears, m and theperforations, m", in the upright rods.

The cylinder, .I for the pattern-card has its usual overturning orrotational movement for bringing the next leaf of the pattern-card tothe needle ends by novel means, as follows: The cylinder is journaled ontheforward extremities of the paired horizontal bars, 15, which haveguiding movements through the rigid slide straps, 15 ,01 the top frame,D. The cylinder has at its one end the teeth, t and there is a hookedarm, t pivoted on the end of the top frame for engagement with the teethas the cylinder has a bodily forward horizontal movement. This movementis imparted by the cam-slotted plate, it, which is rigidly fixed to, anddepends below, one of the grid-frames (here the one, B), and whichreceives within its slot the studs, :5 of the 15. As the grids andcam-slotted plates, u, are raised, the bars and cylinder are forcedforward and in the engagement of the teeth, 25 of the cylinder with thehook, the cylinder is turned around about one-eighth of a rotation andstands with its corners vertically and horizontally. The bracket, i onthe bar, 15, having the spring, 25 hearing on the front facet of thesquare cylinder causes the turning of thelatter the other eighth of aturn to bring the face of the pattern at right angles to the needles.

It will be observed on reference to the drawings that the blades, on,when elevated, are in same plane as the blades, a, and that at the timethe grids start up the hook-rods, h, not taken by an upper main grid, A,are out of said plane of movement. Shortly after the commencement of theupward movement of the grids, A, m, the pattern cylinder has its forwardmovement so that the hook-rods held back and not taken by the upper gridare, by reason of their forwardly spring pressed needles,brought to theplane of engagement by the blade, m. The carrying up of lower warps, asbinders, may, of course, be omitted at intervals according to the weavepredetermined by the arrangement of the pattern.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In a Jacquard loom, the combination with the main grid, A, and meansfor imparting thereto a vertically reciprocatory movement, of thevertical bars, m supporting a horizontal individual blade, m, below, andparallel with, the main grid, and having hooked upper ends which standhigher than the blades of the main grid, pattern-controlled needleswhich engage the said upright bars to place them free from, or by theirhooked ends across the paths of the blades of the main grid, verticalrods having hooks at their upper ends which rods are supported forlateral swinging movements and with their upper hooked ends above theblades of the main grid, and pattern-controlled needles which govern thelateral positions of said hook-rods whereby the latter may be eithertaken up by the blades of the main grid, or, after such main grid hashad part of its upward movement, taken up by the lower individuallyoperated blade only partially as far, substantially as described.

2. In a Jacquard loom, a main grid, A, and means for impartingvertically reciprocato ry movements thereto, an individual grid bladebelow the main grid, a movable pattern-controlled device for couplingthe main and individual grids whereby the latter may partake of themovement of the main grid, vertical rods, having hooks at their upperends, which are supported for lateral swinging movements, and with theirhooked ends above the blades of the main grid, and pattern-controlledneedles which govern the lateral positions of said hook-rods whereby thelatter may be either taken up by the blades of the main grid, or aftersuch main grid has had part of its upward movement taken up by the lowerpattern and needle operated individual blade, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a Jacquard loom a main grid, A, and means for imparting verticallyreciprocatory movements thereto, individual grid-blades below the maingrid and movable patterncontrolled devices for coupling the main withone or more of the individual grids, whereby the latter may partake ofthe vertical movements of the main grid, vertical rods having hooks attheir upper ends which are supported for lateral swinging movements andwith their hooked ends above the blades of the main grids, andpattern-controlled needles which govern the lateral positions of saidhook-rods whereby they may be taken up by the main or individual grids,or by neither, thereof,the grid, B, and pattern-controlled hook-rodswhich carry devices for supporting warps normally at a higher point thanthe warp supporting devices which are carried by the hook-rods operatingin conjunction with cal movements to said griff, B, half as high asthose imparted to the griff, A, substantially as described.

4; The combination with the main grid frame, of one or more individualgrifE-blades, m,having the angularlyturned end ear-pieces, m", theupright-rods, m m having books at their upper ends which are adapted toengage the blades of the main griff frame, and

having the notches, m, in which rest the [0 edges of said blades, m, andthe set screws, m passing through the ear-pieces and upright-rods forconfining the blade immovably upon the rods, substantially as described.

JERRY C. LIBERTY.

Witnesses:

WM. S. BELLoWs, K. I. CLEMoNs.

